Umshini wokuhlunga imibala, ovame ukwaziwa ngokuthi isihlungi sombala, iyidivayisi ezenzakalelayo esetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene ukuze uhlukanise izinto noma izinto ezisetshenziswayo ngokusekelwe embala wazo nezinye izici zokubona. Injongo eyinhloko yale mishini iwukuqinisekisa ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi, ukungaguquguquki, nokunemba ezinqubweni zezimboni, njengokuhlunga okusanhlamvu, imbewu, izithelo, imifino, ubhontshisi wekhofi, amapulasitiki namaminerali.

Izingxenye ezibalulekile zomshini wokuhlunga imibala ngokuvamile zihlanganisa isistimu yokuphakelayo, umthombo wokukhanya, izinzwa noma amakhamera, isofthiwe yokucubungula izithombe, kanye nendlela yokuhlunga. Inqubo iqala ngohlelo lokuphakela, olusabalalisa ngokulinganayo izinto noma izinto ezizohlungwa, ziqinisekise ukugeleza okuqhubekayo nokulinganayo. Njengoba izinto zidlula emshinini, zihamba ngaphansi komthombo wokukhanya oqinile, obalulekile ukuze kubonakale ngokucacile umbala wazo kanye nezinto ezibonakalayo.

Amakhamera anesivinini esiphezulu noma izinzwa ze-optical, ezihlanganiswe emshinini, zithwebula izithombe zezinto njengoba zidlula endaweni ekhanyisiwe. Lawa makhamera nezinzwa azwela imibala ehlukene kanye nezici ze-optical. Izithombe ezithwetshuliwe zibe sezicutshungulwa isoftware ethuthukisiwe yokucubungula izithombe. Le softhiwe ihlelelwe ukuhlaziya imibala nezinye izici ze-optical zezinto, yenza izinqumo zokuhlunga ngokushesha ngokusekelwe kumibandela echazwe ngaphambilini.

Indlela yokuhlunga, enesibopho sokuhlukanisa izinto ngokoqobo zibe izigaba ezihlukene, yaziswa ngesinqumo sokuhlunga somshini. Lo mshini ungenziwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, lapho okokufaka umoya kanye nama-chute emishini kuyizinketho ezivamile. Izikhiqizo zomoya zikhulula ukuqhuma komoya ukuze zichezukise izinto ziye esigabeni esifanele, kuyilapho ama-chute emishini esebenzisa izithiyo ezibonakalayo ukuze aqondise izinto ngendlela efanele. Ngokuya ngomklamo nenjongo yomshini, ungakwazi ukuhlunga izinto ngezigaba eziningi noma umane uzihlukanise zibe ukusakazwa “okwamukelwe” kanye “nokwaliwe”.

Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile zemishini yokuhlunga imibala izinga layo eliphezulu lokwenza ngokwezifiso. Le mishini ingalungiselelwa ukuhlunga izinto ngokusekelwe ezicini ezihlukahlukene ezingaphezu kombala. Ukuqashelwa komumo kungenye yamandla anjalo angethulwa, okuvumela ukuhlelwa okunembayo okusekelwe kumumo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imishini ingaqeqeshelwa ukuhlonza amaphutha acashile noma ukungahambi kahle kwezinto, inikeze ukulawula kwekhwalithi okuthuthukile. Bangakwazi futhi ukuhlunga ngokusekelwe kumibandela efana nosayizi kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo jikelele.

Ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe be-AI (Artificial Intelligence) emishinini yokuhlunga imibala kuguqule inqubo yokuhlunga. I-AI ivumela le mishini ukuthi idlulele ngalé kokuhlunga okusekelwe kumbala futhi yethula ukuqashelwa kwesithombe okuthuthukisiwe nekhono lokufunda. Ama-algorithms e-AI avumela imishini ukuthi ibone umumo namaphethini ayinkimbinkimbi, ihlonze amaphutha acashile, futhi yenze izinqumo zokuhlunga eziyinkimbinkimbi. Baqhubeka bezivumelanisa futhi bafunde enqubweni yokuhlunga, bathuthukise ukunemba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Umphumela uba izinga lokuzenzakalela nokunemba okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle, okunciphisa ukuthembela emsebenzini wezandla, futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi iyonke lento ehlungiwe. Inhlanganisela yemishini yokuhlunga imibala kanye nobuchwepheshe be-AI kumelela inkathi entsha yokusebenza kahle nokunemba ezinqubweni zokuhlunga ezimbonini, ezibhekelela uhla olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza kuzo zonke izimboni ezihlukahlukene.